<p>Garden Hill, also known as the Robert Cushen farmstead, is a historic home located at Hagerstown, Washington County, Maryland, United States. It was built about 1865, and is a two-story five-bay brick dwelling with a formal facade and a central entrance. The house features Greek Revival detailing, with some Gothic Revival influence in interior trim.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Good–Hartle Farm is a historic home and farm complex located near Hagerstown, Washington County, Maryland, United States. The house is a two-part, two-story stuccoed structure, with a log section built in 1765, and 1833 limestone addition. A -story frame addition dates from the 20th century. Also on the property is an early-19th-century log springhouse with a cooking fireplace, and two late-19th- to early-20th-century frame outbuildings.</p><br>
<p>The Good–Hartle Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>The Asa White House, also known as the White-McGiffert House, is a historic house in Eutaw, Alabama, United States. It was built in 1838 by Asa White, one of Greene County&#39;s earliest settlers. Eutaw was established on property owned by Asa White. He conveyed 20 acres to the newly established county seat in 1838 for the building of a courthouse, civic buildings, and a commercial district. He then sold residential lots to individuals. His house is a two-story frame building. It was built in the Federal style and later altered with the addition of Greek Revival-influenced details. The house was recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1936. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places as a part of the Antebellum Homes in Eutaw Thematic Resource on April 2, 1982, due to its architectural significance.</p><br>
<p>The Lantz-Zeigler House is a historic home located at Hagerstown, Washington County, Maryland, United States. The house consists of a two-story stone main section built in 1800 with a two-story perpendicular ell to the rear. Also on the property are a stone outbuilding, a horse barn, and the site of a stone bridge built in 1824.</p><br>
<p>The Lantz-Zeigler House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>Long Meadows is a historic home located near Hagerstown, Washington County, Maryland, United States. In 1739, Thomas Cresap was granted 400 acre which he named Long Meadows, where he is said to have erected a stone and log fort over a spring near the Marsh Run. Stones from the fort are said to have been used in the construction of the barn wall located on the property.</p><br>
<p>Long Meadows was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Cashier&#39;s House is a three-story stuccoed-brick, Greek Revival building located on State Street in Erie, Pennsylvania. It was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1934. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 13, 1972, and its boundary was increased on March 9, 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Cashiers House was designed by the Philadelphia architect William Kelly, and was built in 1839 as part of a complex; the other components of the development were the Coach House and the Old Custom House. The Cashiers House was built primarily as the residence for the chief executive officer of the next door Erie Branch of the Bank of the United States. The bank closed in 1841, but the cashier of the bank continued to live in the house until his death in 1843. In 1850, the house was sold for $4,000 ($ in present-day terms) at half of its original cost. The Cashiers House was bought by Samuel Woodruff in 1872. The Woodruffs occupied the Cashiers House until 1913, leading the house to sometimes be referred to as the "Woodruff Residence" or "Woodruff House."</p><br>
<p>The state of Pennsylvania bought the Cashiers House on July 17, 1963, for $30,800 ($ today). The state restored the Cashiers House, and the next-door Old Custom House, in the late 1960s and early 1970s. On March 9, 1983, the boundary of the site—as defined by the National Register—was increased to include the Coach House. On March 12, 2013, ownership of the Cashier&#39;s House and the adjacent Old Custom House, was transferred by the Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission to the Erie Art Museum, which has occupied the Custom House since October 1983.</p><br>
<h3>Coach House</h3><br>
<p>The Coach House, located on East 4th Street, was built at the same time of the Old Custom House and the Cashier&#39;s House. The house was sold to a marble dealer in 1882 and was sold, again, in 1904 to a blacksmith. The depth of the house was expanded to nearly triple the original size by the blacksmith to house heavy machinery.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>The Cashiers House is 30 ft wide and 125 ft deep. Both the exteriors of the Cashiers and Coach Houses are Greek Revival. The interior of the Cashier&#39;s House is a rare example of Egyptian Revival architecture in Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>The William Chapline House in Sharpsburg, Maryland, United States is a large stone house built about 1790. The house has shaped stonework at the front and rubble stonework on the sides with a cast-iron porch added around the turn of the twentieth century. The house was damaged during the Battle of Antietam, when it was hit with canister shot. At that time it was occupied by Dr. Augustin A. Biggs, who treated the wounded from the battle in the house.</p><br>
<p>William Chapline House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The Lindsey Building is a historic commercial building in the downtown section of the city of Dayton, Ohio, United States. Built in the early twentieth century, the Lindsey has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<p>Constructed of brick on a stone foundation, the Lindsey Building&#39;s architecture is typical of commercial buildings erected in the early twentieth century. Some of its more distinctive components are Neoclassical, including its three-part facade and some of its smaller details. Twelve stories tall, the building has been modified to include room for modern-styled shops on its first two floors; the main entrance is located in a recessed area to the right (from the perspective of someone inside the building) of the shop space.</p><br>
<p>It was renovated to new apartments as part of the city block revitialation of the Dayton Arcade.</p><br>
<p>Built for Theodore Lindsey, the Lindsey Building was constructed in 1917 at a time when Dayton was highly prosperous. During the late 1910s, the downtown was experiencing sustained growth, and numerous commercial buildings such as the Lindsey were being constructed. For much of its history, it has housed financial institutions, including the Miami Savings and Loan Company and the Mutual Home and Savings Association.</p><br>
<p>In 1985, the Lindsey Building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places; by the early 2010s, it was one of approximately one hundred such locations in the city of Dayton. It qualified for designation in two separate ways: because of its architecture, and because of its place in local history, for it was deemed a leading example of the downtown&#39;s expansion in the early twentieth century.</p><br>
<p>The Coleman–Banks House, also known as the James Oliver Banks House, is a historic Greek Revival style house in Eutaw, Alabama, United States. It was built in 1847 by George W. Shauver. It was purchased by Rhoda Coleman in 1857 and then by James Oliver Banks in 1890. The house is a two-story structure with four monumental Ionic columns spanning the front portico. It features elaborate Greek Revival doorways in the central bay of the front facade. The house was recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1934. The Greene County Historical Society purchased the house in 1968. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 18, 1970, due to its architectural significance.</p><br>
<p>The Catlin Wilson House, also known as the Murphy Dunlap House, is a historic Greek Revival style house in Eutaw, Alabama, United States. The one-story wood-framed building was built in 1844. A pedimented front portico with four Doric columns covers the three central bays of the front facade. The house was recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1936. It was listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on November 5, 1976. It was subsequently added to the National Register of Historic Places as a part of the Antebellum Homes in Eutaw Thematic Resource on April 2, 1982, due to its architectural significance.</p><br>
<p>Borden Oaks is a plantation house and historic district near Greensboro, Alabama, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 7, 1994, as a part of the Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The main house at Borden Oaks was built in 1835 by John Scott Gray and his wife, Martha Thompson Cocke Gray, on property given to them by Martha&#39;s father. The estate was initially named Locust Lawn. John Scott Gray died on October 19, 1835, leaving Martha a widow. She would remain single for ten years. Their child, John Ruffin Gray, would die in 1862 in the Battle of Fredericksburg. Martha remarried on November 3, 1845, to Richard Benjamin Borden, a widower originally from Carteret County, North Carolina. Locust Lawn came to be known as Borden Oaks after their marriage.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The house is a two-story frame Federal style structure with a hipped roof. The front elevation is a five bay facade with a central two-tiered porch over the central bay and doorways. The upper and lower central doorways on the front facade have sidelights and transoms derived from a design published in Asher Benjamins The Practice of Architecture (1833). A two-story ell, with matching overall proportions, is attached to the rear of the house. The original porch was removed from the house after 1924 and the columns were reused on a house in nearby Greensboro, however several feet of the lower portion of each column was cut off to fit the new house. These were returned to a descendant and then owner of the property, Mary Esther Borden Coleman, when that later house was demolished in the late 20th century. They were returned to Borden Oaks and the porch rebuilt when the house was stabilized and exterior restored by Bestor Wynne Coleman, Mrs. Colemans son. However, new paneled bases for the columns had to be fabricated to rebuild the portico in keeping with its original proportions.</p><br>
<p>The Isaac Pollack House is a historic structure now located at 208 West Monument Avenue in Dayton, Ohio, United States. Built in 1876, this Second Empire house was originally home to the family of Isaac Pollack, a prominent Dayton businessman involved in the liqueur trade. The walls are composed of a mixture of stone and brick with some wooden elements, resting on a stone foundation and covered with a slate roof.</p><br>
<p>The house ceased to be used primarily as a residence in 1913. In that year, Fenton T. Bott purchased the house and began using it as the home of his Bott Dancing Academy, as well as his residence; he remained in business until 1941. Fifteen years later, the Montgomery County Board of Elections began a twenty-year period of using the property as their offices. In 1979, the house was moved from its previous location at 319 West Third Street to a new location at the intersection of Wilkinson Street and Monument Avenue. Its new location places it on the northern edge of downtown, just one block from the Great Miami River, across from McPherson Town, and near Interstate 75. From October 14, 2005, to September 2021, the structure was the home of the Dayton International Peace Museum.</p><br>
<p>Two weeks before Christmas 1974, the Pollack House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying both because of its architecture and because of its place as the residence of a prominent local citizen. It is one of approximately one hundred National Register-listed locations citywide and one of four on Monument Avenue, along with the old YMCA, the Engineers Club of Dayton, and the now-destroyed Hanitch-Huffman House.</p><br>
<p>The Dayton Memorial Hall is a historic meeting venue on First Street in downtown Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed shortly after the turn of the twentieth century, this Beaux-Arts structure is one of many memorial halls statewide from the same time period, and it has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<p>The Memorial Hall is a brick building with a concrete foundation, a ceramic tile roof, and elements of stone and terracotta. complete with paired columns in the Ionic order, sits atop a flight of steps in the middle of the facade, while lesser sections flank the entrance and compose the buildings sides. Small towers are placed atop the sides, between the central auditorium and the surrounding land. Although the main entrance is only accessed via the flight of steps, side entrance may be gained by the use of a ramp. The buildings entrance comprises the memorial itself, housing inscriptions honoring local Civil War soldiers and a sculpture honoring Spanish–American War soldiers; a World War I sculpture sits in the same area.</p><br>
<p>Legislation enacted by the General Assembly in 1902 encouraged the construction of memorial buildings in communities statewide; for the first time, municipalities were permitted to float bonds in order to obtain money needed to construct such buildings. Daytons was typical of the numerous memorial buildings built soon after the laws passage, both architecturally and functionally. Throughout the century following, it served as a meeting place for community activities ranging from entertainment festivities to educational events to cultural activities.</p><br>
<p>In 1988, the Memorial Hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying both because of its significant architecture and its important place in Dayton&#39;s history. Similar recognition has been awarded to other memorial halls in the Ohio cities of Cincinnati, Greenville, and Lima, all of which are Neoclassical structures completed soon after the 1902 legislation.</p><br>
<p>The Winters–Wimberley House is a historic home in Wimberley, Texas that was built. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The property has 5 acre out of an original 34 acre mill site property obtained in 1856 by William C. Winters (1809–1864) near Glendale trading post (which later became Wimberley). Winters built a mill and a house, connected by a wagon path which eventually became Ranch Road 12, a busy county highway that eventually split the property.</p><br>
<p>The mill was later owned by a Wimberley.</p><br>
<p>The Petersburg Tollhouse, which is now located in the hamlet of Addison, Pennsylvania, United States, was the first tollhouse that travelers encountered while on the National Road heading west into Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History and notable features</h2><br>
<p>The Old Route 40 now sits atop the National Pike at this tollhouse. The Petersburg tollhouse is one of three surviving tollhouses for the National Pike; the remaining ones are the LaVale tollhouse located between Cumberland and Frostburg, Maryland and the Searight&#39;s tollhouse located just west of Uniontown on Route 40.</p><br>
<p>The toll house is owned by Great Crossings Chapter of the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution, and is open to visitors by appointment.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Emory School, also known as the Tunstall School, is a historic Rosenwald School building in rural Hale County, Alabama, United States. It was built in 1915 to the designs of W.A. Hazel to serve the local African American community. The money to build the school was provided by the Julius Rosenwald Fund. The school was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 20, 1998, as a part of The Rosenwald School Building Fund and Associated Buildings Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<p>Mystic Theatre is a historic theatre in Marmarth in Slope County, North Dakota. It was built in 1914 and has also been known as Marmarth Theatre. The theatre was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>It is a 26 x frame building, stuccoed, with 187 seats.</p><br>
<p>It was unusual for its time, as it was specifically designed for showing "motion pictures". It was a project of professional baseball player Guy Johnson (1891-1971), who moved to Marmarth and built the theatre in 1914. It opened April 22, 1914 and was packed.</p><br>
<p>Beaver Creek Bridge, also known as FM 2326 Bridge at Beaver Creek or WC2215-02-002, is a historic bridge built during 1925-1926 near Electra in Wichita County, Texas. It brings Farm-to-Market Road over Beaver Creek, connecting the Beaver Creek community with the Rock Crossing oilfield area in Wilbarger County.</p><br>
<p>It consists of three 60 ft riveted Warren pony truss spans and a concrete girder approach span, built to Texas Highway Department standard designs. Its spans were fabricated by, and the bridge was built by, the Austin Bridge Company of Dallas, Texas.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. The bridge was then eligible for rehabilitation but not yet replacement.</p><br>
<p>Sacred Heart Catholic Church is a historic Catholic church building in downtown Dayton, Ohio, United States. Constructed at the end of the nineteenth century for a new parish, it closed in 1996, but was reopened in 2001 when a Vietnamese Catholic group began to use the church. This church building remains significant because of its grand architectural elements, which have led to its designation as a historic site.</p><br>
<h2>Parish history</h2><br>
<p>One of Daytons oldest Catholic parishes, St. Josephs Church was established in 1846. The lack of space in that church prompted some of the members to leave in July 1883 and establish Sacred Heart Church; under the leadership of St. Joseph&#39;s associate pastor Hugh McDevitt, the congregation rented a meeting hall while waiting for the construction of their building. Land for the present church was purchased for $19,000, and Archbishop William Henry Elder of Cincinnati laid the cornerstone in June 1888. Exterior work was completed in the following year, and by 1893 construction was close enough to completion that the congregation could begin worshipping in their building. The building was consecrated by Bishop Camillus Maes of Covington in November 1895; construction had cost approximately $100,000 ($ in current dollar terms), but the parish was able to liquidate its debts by 1903. For many years, the parish flourished, reaching a membership of five hundred families by 1909, but its membership had subsided by 1996. Five years later, a Vietnamese-speaking Catholic parish began using the building.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Designed by Charles Insco Williams, Sacred Heart is a limestone building with a limestone foundation, an asphalt roof, and various elements of sandstone and copper; the limestone was quarried locally, while the sandstone was obtained from Berea, Ohio. Constructed in the Romanesque Revival style, but with a prominent octagonal Baroque dome and glazed cupola, towers flank the main entrance, and there are rose windows under the pediments of the front and side. When constructed, the building featured a basement under the 75-foot ceiling, and its general plan was 115 by 92 feet, or 23, 35, and 28m respectively. Grand woodworking, artwork, and chandeliers once filled the interior, but most have been removed; some were destroyed by the raging waters of the Great Flood of 1913, while others were intentionally removed or painted over at later dates.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>In October 1987, Sacred Heart Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places due to its distinctive historic architecture. The parishs related rectory was also included in the designation. It is one of five Dayton churches on the Register, along with St. Marys, St. Adalbert&#39;s, and Holy Cross Catholic Churches and First Lutheran Church.</p><br>
<p>The Coffee Pot is a historic roadhouse listed on the National Register of Historic Places located in the Grandin Court neighborhood of the independent city of Roanoke, Virginia, USA Completed in 1936, The Coffee Pot is an example of novelty architecture as its distinctive feature is that of a stucco coffee pot structure that is situated on the roof of the building. Today, this remains as the only active roadhouse located within the Roanoke Valley.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Coffee Pot was built in 1936 on what later became USA Route 221 (Brambleton Avenue) in Roanoke County, before being annexed into Roanoke City in 1943. It was originally constructed by Clifton and Irene Kefauver as a filling station and tea room, but converted into a roadhouse shortly thereafter. The structure itself is similar to that of a log home featuring vertical log architecture on its four facades. At the time of its construction, it was the first commercial structure one would pass along the highway entering Roanoke from the south. The 15 ft coffee pot is located on the southern end of the structure and is red with a white spout and top. Steam would formerly rise from the coffee pot spout from a furnace located in the store room below, visually bringing life to the coffee pot structure.</p><br>
<p>Since its conversion into a roadhouse in 1937, the Coffee Pot has remained in continuous operation; it has been known as the Coffee Pot for its entire history except for a brief period between 1960 and 1963 when it was called Joe&#39;s Ranchhouse Restaurant. Throughout its history, the roadhouse has played host to many musical acts including Willie Nelson, Richie Havens, Dickey Betts, Rick Derringer, Ritchie Valens, Danny Gatton, and Root Boy Slim. Regional acts also made the Coffee Pot a regular part of their tour, including SNUFF and the Skip Castro Band. As a result of the numerous big-name acts that have performed at The Coffee Pot, the venue has been dubbed by some as the "biggest small stage in the South."</p><br>
<p>The Oak Grove School is a historic Rosenwald School building in rural Hale County, Alabama, United States. It was built to the designs of Samuel Smith in 1925 to serve the local African American community. The money to build the school was provided by the Julius Rosenwald Fund. The school was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 3, 1998, as a part of The Rosenwald School Building Fund and Associated Buildings Multiple Property Submission.</p><br>
<p>Burial Hill is a historic cemetery or burying ground on School Street in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Established in the 17th century, it is the burial site of several Pilgrims, the founding settlers of Plymouth Colony. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Burial Hill is located just west of Plymouths Main Street, which parallels the shoreline of Plymouth Bay, and is at the southwest end of Leyden Street, which parallels Town Brook to the south, and was the first street laid out when the Plymouth Colony was founded in 1620. The hill rises 165 ft above sea level, and provides commanding views over the surrounding landscape and coastline. The main entrance to the cemetery is just north of the First Parish Church in Plymouth, whose current building is the fifth to stand on the same site. A network of paved footpaths are laid out through the cemeterys 5.1 acre, with stairs located along steeper sections. There are more than 2,000 marked graves, dating from 1680 to 1957.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first Pilgrim burial ground was on nearby Coles Hill in 1620-21. Originally, the Pilgrims constructed a fort on top of Burial Hill in 1621-22 (a reconstruction exists in nearby Plimoth Plantation). The Burial Hill fort also served as a meeting house for the colony and for the First Parish Church until 1677. According to tradition, the first grave on Burial Hill was Pilgrim John Howlands. However, he did not die until 1672; other people claimed to be buried there died considerably earlier.</p><br>
<p>First Parish&#39;s congregation currently meets in an 1899 church building at the base of Burial Hill on the town square, near where it first met in 1621.</p><br>
<h2>Notable burials and cenotaphs</h2><br>
<p>Mary Allerton, Pilgrim, last surviving Mayflower passenger</p><br>
<p>William Bradford, Pilgrim, Mayflower passenger, Governor</p><br>
<p>William Brewster, church elder</p><br>
<p>Thomas Cushman, Ruling Elder of the Plymouth Colony, 1649-1691</p><br>
<p>Robert Cushman, organizer of the Mayflower expedition (cenotaph at Cushman Monument)</p><br>
<p>Edward Doty, Mayflower passenger</p><br>
<p>Francis Cooke, Pilgrim, Mayflower passenger</p><br>
<p>John Howland, Pilgrim, Mayflower passenger</p><br>
<p>Adoniram Judson, Christian missionary to Asia</p><br>
<p>Thomas Prence, Colonial Governor</p><br>
<p>Thomas Russell, judge, collector of customs, and ambassador</p><br>
<p>Zabdiel Sampson, Congressman</p><br>
<p>James Warren, Patriot leader</p><br>
<p>Mercy Otis Warren, author</p><br>
<p>Richard Warren, Pilgrim, Mayflower passenger</p><br>
<p>Squanto Native American Friend of The Pilgrims</p><br>
<h2>Image gallery</h2><br>
<p>Birch Coulee Battlefield in Renville County, Minnesota, United States, was the site of the Battle of Birch Coulee, the costliest military engagement for USA forces during the Dakota War of 1862. It is now a historic site with self-guided trails and markers interpreting the battle from both sides. Birch Coulee was nominated to the National Register of Historic Places for having state-level significance in military history, and was listed in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Birch Coulee Battlefield lies on what, in 1862, was open prairie stretching on to the north and west, with woods to the south. Defining the east edge is a steep wooded ravine, a landform known locally by the French term "coulee," also spelled "coulie" or "cooley." Birch Coulee, known to the Dakota as Tanpa Yukan (Place of the White Birch), is 60 ft deep and runs for a total of 7 mi down to the Minnesota River. A few hundred yards to the west of the coulee, the prairie rises slightly onto a gentle knoll.</p><br>
<h2>Battle of Birch Coulee</h2><br>
<p>On September 1, 1862, a reinforced burial detail including 170 Minnesota volunteer infantry, cavalry, teamsters and civilians with Major Joseph R. Brown camped on the prairie, 200 yards from the timber along Birch Coulee. Although its proximity to wood and water was convenient, the campsite was in a poorly defensible position, easily surrounded within gunshot distance while providing cover for attackers.</p><br>
<p>That night, 200 Dakota warriors surrounded the camp while they slept</p><br>
<p>16 mi away at Fort Ridgely, a guard reported distant gunfire, and 240 men led by Colonel Samuel McPhail were dispatched as a relief party. They came within sight of their besieged comrades, but Chief Mankato took about 50 of his men out to meet them. Whooping and shouting while moving around in the tall grass and in the ravine, they frightened McPhail into thinking they were surrounded by several hundred Dakota; he ordered his troops to retreat two miles and sent a messenger back to Fort Ridgely for more reinforcements. Shortly after midnight, Colonel Henry Hastings Sibley reached McPhail&#39;s bivouac with his entire remaining force and artillery. After daybreak, Sibley made his way slowly to Birch Coulee, shelling the area as he went; he finally entered the campsite around 11 am, as the Dakota slipped away, ending the 31-hour siege. The USA casualties in the battle were thirteen soldiers dead on the ground, almost fifty wounded, and ninety horses killed; many more died afterwards of their wounds. In his famous narrative of the Dakota War of 1862, Chief Big Eagle (Wamditanka) recalled that only two Dakota men had lost their lives in the Battle of Birch Coulee.</p><br>
<h2>Location of state monument</h2><br>
<p>The first effort to officially preserve the Birch Coulee battlefield came in 1893, when the Minnesota Legislature appointed a commission to acquire the land with a $2,500 budget and authority to use eminent domain. Inexplicably the commission chose instead to acquire a 1.75 acre property 2 mi south of the battlefield, on the fairgrounds of the Renville County Agricultural Society east of the village of Morton. In response to protests about the location of the planned monument, the commission let it be known that the owner of the battlefield site was asking for an exorbitant price and that a sufficient area had been donated at their preferred location, which would be "graded, inclosed and beautified without cost to the state." Furthermore, they argued that their preferred location was attractive, situated high on a bluff overlooking the Minnesota River and the battleground, and that the monument itself would be visible to railroad travelers.</p><br>
<p>In the summer of 1894, the commission raised a 46 ft granite monument of conventional design on the former fairgrounds. At the dedication ceremony of the Birch Coulee State Monument on September 3, 1894, former governor William Rainey Marshall lambasted the commission in his speech, criticizing both the incorrect location of the monument and its inscriptions as falsifying history.</p><br>
<h2>Battlefield preservation</h2><br>
<p>The state legislature provided additional money in 1895, along with clear instructions to secure acreage on the actual battlefield, but no action was taken. As of 1926, the site had become a wheatfield; the condition of the property at that time is described in detail by Battle of Birch Coulee survivor Robert K. Boyd, who also noted "slight elevations and slopes" in the terrain. In retracing the location of the campsite, he observed that it had been on "a slight swell of ground" that had allowed the Dakota forces to easily drop below their line of sight while exchanging fire.</p><br>
<p>It wasn&#39;t until 1929, following a resurgence of community advocacy, that the state acquired the site and proclaimed it the Birch Cooley Battle Field State Memorial Park. In 1937 a Works Progress Administration crew helped develop the park, reseeding the land and building amenities like trails, roads, picnic area, and a parking lot.</p><br>
<p>In 1976 legislative action redesignated the property a state historic site and transferred management to the Minnesota Historical Society. The Historical Society redeveloped the battlefield beginning in 1998 and it reopened to the public in 2000. Self-guided interpretive signs describe the battle from the perspectives of Captain Joseph Anderson and Wamditanka (Chief Big Eagle), illustrated with sketches by soldier Albert Colgrave. Guideposts mark the USA camp and the positions of the surrounding Dakota. Management has since been transferred to the Renville County Parks Department, which also maintains a campground on site.</p><br>
<h2>Future of monuments</h2><br>
<p>In 1899, the Minnesota Valley Historical Society erected a 52 foot granite monument to "The Faithful Indians" on a site adjacent to the Birch Coulee State Monument. The Faithful Indians&#39; Monument stands "in recognition and commemoration of the conduct and services of the Indians who were truly loyal and faithful to the whites during the great Sioux war of 1862." The Minnesota Valley Historical Society, with the Honorable Charles D. Gilfillan as president and Return I. Holcombe as historiographer, chose to commemorate only "full-blood" Dakota who had remained "unwaveringly loyal and who had saved the life of at least one white person." The six Dakota named on the monument include Other Day (Ampatutokicha), Paul (Mahzakutemanne), Lorenzo Lawrence (Towanetaton), Simon (Anahwangmanne), Mary Crooks (Mahkahta Heiya-win) and Maggie Brass (Snana-win).</p><br>
<p>In 2020, an article in the Rochester Post-Bulletin pointed out the damage to, and neglect of, both the Birch Coulee State Monument and the Faithful Indians&#39; Monument. Accessed via a steep craggy road, the two obelisk-shaped monuments are no longer visible from a distance, obscured by the surrounding trees and brush. Efforts to address repair and maintenance issues had been held up due to disagreements over which level of government – city, township, county or state – is responsible for upkeep of the site and the road leading up to it. Although there have been many calls over the years to relocate the monuments to the actual Birch Coulee Battlefield site, the Post-Bulletin reported that it was unlikely that they would be moved in the near future, primarily due to the costs associated with such a move.</p><br>
<p>The Close Mansion, also known as the Close House, was one of the great mansions of Iowa City, Iowa, USA, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was built in 1874 at a cost of around $15,000. The mansion is located at the corner of Gilbert and Bowery in Iowa City. The Close family was involved in a linseed oil company and a glove factory, both of which were located near that home.</p><br>
<h2>Uses of the home</h2><br>
<p>After the Close family sold the home it was used by Acacia Fraternity and later was occupied by the Johnson County Department of Social Welfare. During the years of the homes renovation, several of the Italianate-style characteristics were removed, including the widows walk, the front balconies and the glassed-in cupola. The red brick of the house was temporarily painted gray but the paint has since been removed. The cupola and balconies have since been restored to the home. The Close Mansion currently houses Public Space One, a community driven, non-profit contemporary arts center. The LGBTQ Iowa Archives & Library is housed on the mansions second floor.</p><br>
<p>The Henry County Courthouse is located in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, United States, the county seat of Henry County. It was built in 1914, and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first buildings used by Henry County government when it was organized in 1837 was a series of log cabins in Mount Pleasant. This was a typical practice of most counties in Iowa. Plans for the first courthouse were accepted in June 1837, but construction of the 30 by structure was delayed and the building was not completed until 1839. The second courthouse was a remodeled version of Hill Hall, which was built in 1870. The present courthouse replaced it on the same property in 1914. It was built by English Brothers from Champaign, Illinois.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is a simplified version of the Neoclassical style. The large, engaged columns features capitals in the Doric order. A small pediment surmounts the main entrance. The windows have short, simplified surrounds. The parapet does not culminate in a cornice of any kind.</p><br>
<p>The Jacob W. Van Winkle House is located in Lyndhurst, Bergen County, in the USA state of New Jersey. The homestead was built in 1797 and is the current home of the Masonic Club of Lyndhurst. The homestead was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 10, 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Van Winkle House is a large brown sandstone structure that was built in 1797. The house was used as a residence until 1921 when Masonic Club of Lyndhurst purchased it.</p><br>
<p>Jacob Van Winkle donated the land on which the River Road School was built in 1804.</p><br>
<p>The River Road School is located at 400 Riverside Avenue in the township of Lyndhurst in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The schoolhouse was built in 1893 and is the home of the Lyndhurst Historical Society. The schoolhouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 11, 1977, for its significance in architecture and education.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>A piece of land was donated on January 9, 1804, by Jacob Van Winkle for the construction of a school. The first schoolhouse was erected that year at a cost of $162.20. The first schoolhouse was replaced in 1849 by a two-story frame building. This second schoolhouse was torn down in 1893 and replaced by the current building at a cost of $2,541.83. The cupola and bell from the second schoolhouse were salvaged and added to the current schoolhouse.</p><br>
<p>In 2024, three teenagers faced burglary charges for breaking and entering the River Road School and stealing the front page of a newspaper covering 9/11 attacks.</p><br>
<h2>Little Red Schoolhouse</h2><br>
<p>The wood frame building on a brick foundation features Queen Anne style. The Lyndhurst Historical Society operates the building as the Little Red Schoolhouse, a museum of local history.</p><br>
<p>The John Hopper House is located at 231 Polifly Road in the city of Hackensack in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The stone house was built in 1818 by John I. Hopper. It was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey  in 1937. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 9, 1983, for its significance in architecture. It was listed as part of the Early Stone Houses of Bergen County Multiple Property Submission . It has been used as a restaurant, the Stony Hill Inn, since 1937.</p><br>
<p>Glencairn, also known as the John Erwin House, is a historic house in Greensboro, Alabama, United States. The house and grounds were recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey in 1935. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 18, 1978, due to its architectural and historical significance.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Construction on Glencairn began in 1830 and was completed in 1837 by John Erwin. He was elected as Greene Countys representative in the Alabama Senate in 1831 and was chosen as president pro tempore the next year. He went on to also serve in the lower house in 1836, 1837, and 1842. He was a Congressional candidate in 1845 and 1851, but was defeated in both instances. He was heavily involved in the 1852 and 1860 Democratic National Conventions. He died at Glencairn on December 10, 1860, and was interred in Greensboro Cemetery. His son, George Erwin, inherited Glencairn and owned it until his death in 1916. It then passed to Georges son, Cadwallader Erwin, until his death in 1955. The home remained in the hands of John Erwins ancestors, being occupied after Cadwallader Erwin by his daughter, Ida Vernon Mahood and her husband Danner Lee Mahood, until the formers passing in 1987. The house then passed to daughter Katherine Rugg and husband Samuel Rugg before going to daughter Audrey McCulloh in 2015. After her death in August of that year, the house passed to her widower Mark McCulloh, who resides there now and is overseeing renovations to the interior.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The two-story Greek Revival structure is frame construction. Some insist the style of the architecture is actually Georgian, a rarity among antebellum homes in the South. In any case, "Glencairn" features a five-bay main facade with a two-tiered portico over the central bay. The portico is supported by four Doric columns on each level, with Doric pilasters and elaborate wooden panels ornamenting the wall surface. The doorways on both levels are recessed and are surrounded by sidelights and a transom. A plain pediment crowns the portico. The exterior corners of the house have paneled pilasters, reaching up to a plain entablature above the second floor. The roof is hipped.</p><br>
<p>The Centre City Building  is an historic building at 36-44 South Main Street at the corner of East Fourth Street in downtown Dayton, Ohio. It was designed by Charles Herby and built in 1904 by the F.A. Requarth Co. for the sum of $305,000 as the headquarters of the Church of the United Brethren in Christ Christian denomination. Originally 14 stories, it was the tallest building in Dayton from 1904 until 1931. A seven-story tower portion was completed in 1924, capped by a chapel for the Church, making it 21 stories total. It is considered to have been Dayton&#39;s first skyscraper.</p><br>
<p>It housed the general offices of the church, and of the succeeding Evangelical United Brethren Church. It also served as headquarters to the United Brethren Publishing House.</p><br>
<p>It was sold in 1975, converted to a personal residence by its owner, then sat vacant by 2012.</p><br>
<p>It was purchased in 2017 by Centre City Partners LP, with plans for a $46 million renovation to include residence apartments, office spaces and retail shops.</p><br>
<p>This building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 10, 1993.</p><br>
<p>On Saturday, January 11, 2020, a number of the building&#39;s windows were blown out by powerful storm winds, resulting in the temporary closure of the neighboring Wright Stop Plaza, the downtown hub for the Greater Dayton Regional Transit Authority. At the time, the building was up for sale for more than four million dollars.</p><br>
<p>On November 10, 2020, a large pane of glass from the building fell onto a nearby sidewalk, forcing barriers to be erected. The building has been vacant since the mid-2000s, changing ownership a couple of times during that period. Dayton city manager Shelley Dickstein expressed that the building may see development following completion of the renovation of the Dayton Arcade.</p><br>
<p>On December 13, 2024, a fire was reported inside the building, which was still vacant. The fire was considered suspicious due to the building&#39;s being abandoned and Hazmat crews were called as a precautionary measure, as officials could not be sure what was inside.</p><br>
<h2>Historic uses</h2><br>
<p>Church headquarters</p><br>
<p>Commerce/trade</p><br>
<p>Manufacturing</p><br>
<p>Dr. Jefferson A. Walters House is a historic residence in downtown Dayton, Ohio, United States. Built in 1832 and one of the city&#39;s older houses, it was home to two prominent residents of early Dayton, and it has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<p>Born in Fayette County in southwestern Pennsylvania, Jefferson Walters emigrated to Ohio in 1830 at the age of twenty. After studying medicine in Worthington, he practiced for three years in Perry County before moving to Dayton in 1837. During much of his life in the city, he distinguished himself as a successful pharmacist, operating a prosperous drugstore from 1841 until suffering a career-ending injury in an 1866 road accident. Although he ultimately regained his health, Walters chose not to return to the medical field, preferring instead a retirement full of philosophy and antiquarian research.</p><br>
<p>Upon its completion in 1832, it was Daytons first stone-faced brick residence. It was built for Thomas Clegg, owner of several factories and one of Daytons most prominent early manufacturers. Built of brick with an asphalt roof, the house rests on a foundation of limestone and features additional elements of wood and limestone. The present appearance mixes the Italianate style with elements of other Renaissance Revival styles, as a result of modifications performed in 1857.</p><br>
<p>In 1974, Walters&#39; house was listed on National Register of Historic Places, qualifying both because of its architecture and because of its prominent namesake resident. It is one of seven National Register-listed properties in a four-block stretch of First Street, along with First Lutheran Church at 138 W., the Biltmore Hotel and the Victoria Theatre at Main Street, the James Brooks House at 41 E., Antioch Temple at 107 E., and the Dayton Memorial Hall at 125 E.</p><br>
<p>The Greensboro Historic District is a historic district in the city of Greensboro, Alabama. Greensboro was incorporated as a town in December 1823 as Greensborough. The community was known as Troy prior to that time. The historic district is centered on Main Street and runs from Hobson Street on the western side of the city to 1st Street on the eastern side. It features examples of Federal, Greek Revival, and regional vernacular architecture. One significant contributing property is Magnolia Hall. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 13, 1976.</p><br>
<p>Hawthorne, also known as the Browder Place, is a historic Italianate plantation house and historic district in Prairieville, Alabama, USA. This area of Hale County was included in Marengo County before the creation of Hale in 1867. Hawthorne is included in the Plantation Houses of the Alabama Canebrake and Their Associated Outbuildings Multiple Property Submission. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 7, 1994, due to its architectural significance.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Construction on Hawthorne began in 1818. It was eventually enlarged to a large house with over 30 rooms and a full basement by the Manning family, who used the forced labor of enslaved people to work the plantation.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Hawthorne is built in the Italian Villa style. It comprises a main two-story block, a three-story tower, and an adjoining one-story wing. A one-story porch with corbel brackets wraps around the main block of the house. The gables and eaves on the main section and tower are also bracketed. Numerous French doors open onto the porch from the parlor and dining room. The tower contains an arched entrance vestibule at the base. It originally had arched windows on the third level, as well as decorative woodwork on the second level and around the ground floor archway. The tower windows have been replaced by simple square sash windows and the decorative details have been simplified with the addition of synthetic siding.</p><br>
<p>The Thunderbird Lodge, also known as the Whittell Estate, is a historic 6.51 acre waterfront estate located on the east shore of Lake Tahoe, in western Washoe County, Nevada. It is now within Lake Tahoe – Nevada State Park.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>George Whittell Jr. was born in San Francisco in 1881, an heir to one of San Franciscos wealthiest families. His father was the founder of PG&E, the Northern California utility corporation, along with many other businesses. Upon his fathers death in 1922, he received an inheritance of $29 million, which he invested in the stock market. It had grown to $50 million (Roughly $700 million in 2015 dollars) when he liquidated all his stock holdings just weeks prior to the 1929 Stock Market Crash, becoming one of California&#39;s richest people then at age 49. Captain Whittell, as he liked to be called, despite having no military service, is quoted as saying: "When men stop boozing, womanizing and gambling, the bloom is off the rose." By establishing a residence in Nevada, Whittell avoided the higher income taxes in California, where he spent the bulk of each year at his 50-acre Woodside, California estate, the present day site of Kings Mountain Vineyard.</p><br>
<p>In 1935, George Whittell Jr. purchased the 27 miles of Lake Tahoe shoreline and nearly 40,000 acres from Norman Biltz. It encompassed essentially 95% of the Nevada shoreline of Lake Tahoe — all of the land from Crystal Bay, Incline Village, Sand Harbor, Glenbrook, Cave Rock, and Zephyr Cove to Round Hill. Whittell paid approximately $2.7 million or $81.00 per acre. Between 1935 and 1969, Whittell continued to amass a vast majority of the acreage in Washoe, Carson, and Douglas Counties on the Nevada side of Lake Tahoe.</p><br>
<h3>Buildings</h3><br>
<p>In 1936 construction began the summer residence, Thunderbird Lodge, designed in the Rustic style by Frederic DeLongchamps for George Whittell Jr. The stone house was completed 2½ years later. The estate includes numerous small buildings, before 1937 designed by Frederic DeLongchamps, and after by the design firm DeLongchamps and O&#39;Brien. The house had no guest rooms, as Whittell wanted no overnight visitors.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the main house, there is a Card House, Caretakers Cottage, Cook/Butlers House, Admirals House, Boathouse with adjoining 600 ft tunnel, Gatehouse, and the "Elephant House"—home to Mingo, Whittells two ton Indian Elephant. The large boathouse housed his custom 55 ft mahogany and stainless steel yacht, the Thunderbird.</p><br>
<p>As the years passed, Whittell grew more reclusive, gradually abandoning his casino development plans for Sand Harbor in favor of maintaining his own secluded hideaway and lifestyle. He entertained only a few people at Thunderbird Lodge, including his neighbors Ty Cobb and Howard Hughes, for the occasional all night card games.</p><br>
<p>Whittells dislike for unwanted visitors and curiosity-seekers is reflected by a loud siren that operated at Thunderbird Lodges dock, that he used to frighten them away. He sold his yacht, the Thunderbird, to casino magnate Bill Harrah in 1962. After a succession of owners, it is again housed in the Lodge&#39;s boathouse.</p><br>
<h3>Land</h3><br>
<p>Whittell eventually owned almost 40,000 acre of the Nevada shoreline area on eastern Lake Tahoe. He had originally planned to develop the land into "high-class" summer properties, a ski resort, and a $1 million hotel-casino. He later decided that he "liked not having neighbors." In addition, development became more complicated, and involved environmental protection pressures and the state of Nevada pressing with eminent domain claims for much of the land to create a state park.</p><br>
<p>During the 1950s, the State of Nevada began negotiations with Whittell to purchase land for a state park. His refusal to pursue development on the 27 miles of shoreline he owned was more from his need for privacy and seclusion rather than intentional conservation. Nonetheless, Whittell is credited for the natural and unspoiled beauty of Lake Tahoe&#39;s present day eastern shoreline.</p><br>
<h3>Later years</h3><br>
<p>In 1954 Whittell broke his leg, and remained at his Woodside, California estate until 1957. After Whittell broke his hip late in life he refused surgery to repair the fracture, and was confined to a wheelchair.</p><br>
<p>George Whittell Jr. died of melanoma on 18 April 1969, with his third wife Elia by his side.</p><br>
<p>After Whittell&#39;s death, Thunderbird Lodge and the adjacent 10,000 acres of property were purchased by Jack Dreyfus of Dreyfus Investments. Dreyfus later sold most of the land, excluding the residence, to the USA Forest Service—Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest and Nevada State Parks—Lake Tahoe – Nevada State Park.</p><br>
<h2>Residence conservation</h2><br>
<p>In 1998 the developer Del Webb Corporation purchased the Thunderbird Lodge and its remaining 140 acres of private land. In 1999, the American Land Conservancy facilitated a three way land exchange. The USA Bureau of Land Management conveyed to Del Webb nearly 4,000 acres of Clark County, Nevada land near Las Vegas and the USA Forest Service received the 140 acres of Lake Tahoe land without the residence compound. The Thunderbird Lodge buildings were conveyed to the non-profit Thunderbird Preservation Society with a $9.8-million debt payable to Del Webb/Pulte Homes. In 2009 the Society acquired title to the buildings.</p><br>
<p>Thunderbird Lodge is currently owned by the non-profit Thunderbird Preservation Society. It is now a popular tourist attraction, with public tours by reservation.</p><br>
<p>The John Frew House, also or formerly known as the Rachel and Robert Sterrett House, is an historic house in the Westwood neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Of the five extant pre-1800 structures remaining in the City of Pittsburgh, the John Frew House is the only one that is currently being used as an occupied house. Its location on Poplar Street places it on the City of Pittsburgh side of the border between Crafton and Pittsburgh.</p><br>
<p>The original stone section of the house and the adjacent stone springhouse were built circa 1790. The Greek Revival addition to the house was built circa 1840. A garage was then added to the springhouse circa 1950.</p><br>
<p>Preservation of the home began in the 1930s.</p><br>
<p>It was subsequently listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. The house also has a landmark plaque from the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation, and it was added to the List of Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation Historic Landmarks in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The Paul Dresser Birthplace is located in Fairbanks Park in Terre Haute, Vigo County, Indiana, at the corner of First and Farrington Streets. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, it is the birthplace and boyhood home of Paul Dresser, a late-nineteenth-century singer, actor, and songwriter, who wrote and published more than 100 popular songs. On March 14, 1913, the Indiana General Assembly named Dresser&#39;s hit, "On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away", the state song of Indiana.</p><br>
<p>Built in 1850, the home was owned by Dressers parents, Johann Paul and Sarah (Schanab) Dreiser. Their son, Johann Paul Dreiser Jr., who later changed his name to Paul Dresser, was born in the house on April 22, 1858. Dressers father built the porch for the brick house, which originally consisted of one bedroom, a lean-to kitchen, and a parlor. In 1863 Dresser&#39;s father sold the home and moved the family to Sullivan, Indiana. By 1871 they had returned to Terre Haute, but Dresser did not stay in town for long. Dresser left home at the age of sixteen and became "one of the most important composers of the 1890s".</p><br>
<p>Originally, the house was located at 318 South Second Street in Terre Haute. During the 1960s, when urban renewal threatened its demolition, the Vigo County Historical Society raised funds purchase the building (through a process of eminent domain), saving it from destruction, and relocated it to the southeast corner of Fairbanks Park. Altered over the years, the building consists of two floors. The first floor has a bedroom, a kitchen, and a parlor. The second floor has two bedrooms that are accessible by an outside staircase. The Vigo County Historical Society operates the home as a museum, open by appointment. Artifacts pertaining to Dresser include a Chickering piano that he used to write songs and a portrait of Dresser painted during the height of his career. Unlike other house museums, Dresser&#39;s birthplace reflects the furnishings of a working-class family, not the well-to-do.</p><br>
<p>In 1967 the Indiana General Assembly designated the home as a state shrine and memorial. That same year the National Music Council listed it as "A Landmark of American Music". The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. Terre Hautes Fairbanks Park also includes a local Girl Scout office and a Terre Haute parks department office. In 1923 the Banks-of-the-Wabash Association officially named Paul Dresser Drive, the parks main road, in the songwriter&#39;s honor.</p><br>
<p>File:Paul Dresser Birthplace 1.JPGFront and side view of home</p><br>
<p>File:Paul Dresser Birthplace 2.JPGFront view of home</p><br>
<p>File:Paul Dresser Birthplace 3.JPGRiver side of home</p><br>
<p>File:Paul Dresser Birthplace 4.JPGRear of home</p><br>
<p>File:Wabash River Fairbanks Park downstream.JPGThe Wabash River by Dresser&#39;s home, looking downstream</p><br>
<p>File:Wabash River Fairbanks Park upstream.JPGThe Wabash River by Dresser&#39;s home, looking upstream</p><br>
<p>The Robert Bruce Barbour House, also known as Casa Feliz  is a restored Spanish farmhouse designed by architect James Gamble Rogers II, overlooking the golf course in the heart of Winter Park, Florida. On December 31, 2008, it was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1932, Robert Barbour, who owned a company that manufactured chemical dyes, asked James Rogers to design him a home. The house was completed in 1933. The Barbour family frequently hosted community events at their house, including the Spanish Institute of Florida&#39;s annual party, giving it the name Casa Feliz in the 1960s. In 1951, the Barbour family sold the property and in 2000, the City of Winter Park acquired the building.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>Rogers created a gracious residence, with large public rooms. The living room opens to a garden on one side and a courtyard on the other; the dining room also opens to this courtyard. Along the garden front is an arched loggia that connects the living room, entrance hall and library. The home also features an arched porte cochere.</p><br>
<p>The interior of "Casa Feliz" is refurbished to its original condition. The living room has a vaulted ceiling with massive hand-hewn beams. The public spaces of the house are the living and dining rooms, library, courtyards and detached garden room (formerly the garage). Typical James Gamble Rogers II details include the majolica-tiled interior courtyard and fountain, arched doorways and a circular staircase.</p><br>
<p>The exterior of "Casa Feliz" and grounds feature original Spanish roof tiles and whitewashed bricks, a turret, a bell tower and a heavy timber balcony, lush landscaping, courtyards, oaks and native plants contained by clay amphoras.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>Originally the house stood at 656 North Interlachen Avenue bordering one of Winter Park&#39;s lakes with the garden front of the house facing the lake. It stood there for about seventy years. In 2000, the then-owner began to demolish the house. The City of Winter Park acquired the house and relocated it 900 feet to city-owned property.</p><br>
<h2>Casa Feliz Historic House Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Casa Feliz historic house museum has a permanent exhibit that focuses on the life and works of architect James Gamble Rogers II. The estate has been restored to reflect its original 1930s appearance and serves as a Winter Park and Orlando wedding venue.</p><br>
<p>The Mrs. A. W. Gridley House is a Frank Lloyd Wright designed Prairie School home</p><br>
<p>in Batavia, Illinois.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This 5,100 ft&sup2; house is on a 2.3 wooded acre lot, set well back from the street. Gridley</p><br>
<p>met Wright through P. D. Hoyt, owner of the P. D. Hoyt House in nearby Geneva. The Gridley house was built in 1906. Wright named the house "Ravine House", because of the sloping wildflower ravine to the south of the house. Gridley had financial problems and only lived in the house a short time. In 1912, the house was sold to Frank Snow, president of Batavia&#39;s Challenge Feed Mill and Wind Mill Company. Members of the family lived in the house until 1981. The property has been well maintained and any alterations have been well designed in keeping with the original integrity of the house. On February 3, 1993, the house was recognized by the National Park Service with a listing on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>With a low-pitch hip roof, projecting eaves, uninterrupted cedar trim and casement windows, the fourteen room stucco and cypress house is an excellent example of Wrights Prairie School style. The house features include three Roman brick fireplaces, elegant woodwork & built-ins. Wrights original plan for the property also included a barn in a similar style to the house that was never executed (likely due to the advent of the automobile and the ownerss then dwindling finances). The Gridley house is in a cruciform plan, common for Wrights early Prairie School houses. Unlike many of Wrights other residential commissions of this scale which were built of brick or plastered cement block, the Gridley house is a framed wood structure with a lathed batten exterior covered with earth-toned tinted stucco, and exterior door, window frames and trim of light stained cedar. The house originally had a cedar shake roof; which has long since been replaced with asphalt shingles. The only substantial external modification to Wrights original facade plan can be seen on the east side facing Batavia Avenue aka Route 31, where a twenty-foot opening was cut through the low stuccoed masonry parapet wall which had previously completely enclosed the contiguous terrace, directly in front of the floor to ceiling glass terrace doors opening into the living room, and replaced with wide & shallow stone steps down to the front lawns, and flanked by matching pilastered plinths which support a pair of reproduction Wright designed planter bowls. This was to done to take advantage of the scenic vista to the east, where the property gently slopes down to the Fox river, which was previously only viewable from the upper storey windows. This alteration was well executed and is completely in keeping with the original style of the house. It would most certainly have met with the architects approval as it&#39;s copied directly from his original plans for the very same terrace entablature along the street front of the recently restored Darwin Martin House in Buffalo, New York (albeit somewhat lower in height and rendered in brick instead of stucco), designed by Wright in the same Prairie Style, a mere three years prior to this commission.</p><br>
<p>Note: The planter bowls now featured on the modified terrace format here are also copied from the original Martin house design where they top the plinths flanking the steps in the same configuration now installed at the Gridley House. They are basically a shallow round bow topped with a thick squared off lip cast in medusa cement and specifically designed by Wright to be filled with soil to cultivate summer annuals. However, in his original renderings of them, he refers to these as"flower vases"They can be seen in the decorating the exteriors many of his projects (either by his original plan, or added later by owners or restorers as was done here) These planters have been reproduced commercially for several years, but are oddly catalogued by the manufacturer as the "Robie House vase" (?) despite the fact that the Martin House (where they were part of the original design) predates the Robie House commission by several years.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>White oak hardwood floors are used throughout the house. The walls and doors on the second story are pine, as are the floors of the servants quarters. The floors of the kitchen and butlers pantry are maple, though they have pine doors. The interior plan is dominated with a large front hall running north to south. The east section was the living room, decorated with a Roman brick fireplace, glass terrace doors, side windows, and built-in oak bookcases. Doorways on either side of the fireplace lead to the dining room and hall. The north end of the building is a study room and the south end is a dining room. The study includes another Roman brick fireplace and has a built-in gun and trophy case. The dining room includes a built-in oak buffet with leaded glass lights. Glass doors on the south lead to a covered porch with half walls. The butlers pantry is in the corner of the dining room with built-in cabinets and a copper sink. A narrow hall used as a coat room is found between the dining room and staircase. The oak staircase sits at the center of the house and is ornamented with oak moldings. The west wing of the house was the servants work and living quarters. A small 12 x addition was completed in 1992. Against the west wall is a small, simple sitting room for the servants. This room also allowed convenient access for servants to the main rooms of the house.</p><br>
<p>The staircase leads to an upper landing, where three more steps in the reverse direction lead to the main upper hall. The landing includes a door that leads to the servant&#39;s staircase, which connects to the sitting room. This staircase also leads to a second-floor sleeping room for servants. The hall is split with a half-wall created by the stairway balustrades and handrail. There are five bedrooms on the upper level. The north bedroom includes a Roman brick fireplace and a walk-in closet. Plumbing throughout the house was replaced, first in the 1930s and then again in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Dudley Spencer House, also called Laurel, is a Frank Lloyd Wright designed Usonian home in Wilmington, Delaware.</p><br>
<p>Wright designed this home in 1956 and named it "Laurel". This house is of the hemicycle design, and is built of irregularly coursed fieldstone. This single story house has a flat roof with curvilinear extensions and windows under roof extensions. The interior fireplace and hearth serves as dominant structural and aesthetic element. Typical of Wright designs, the home successfully blends with the surrounding wooded environment. The Dudley Spencer house is private and not accessible to the public. The house was built by its first owner, Dudley Spencer, over a five-year period between 1956 and 1961.</p><br>
<p>Following the death of Spencer in 2012, the house was sold to its current owners in 2013.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>St. Anthony of Padua Roman Catholic Church is a Catholic parish in Wilmington, Delaware. Named in honor of Anthony of Padua, it falls within the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Wilmington and is operated by the Oblates of St. Francis de Sales. It is situated in Wilmingtons Little Italy neighborhood, where the parish includes St. Anthonys School  and Padua Academy.</p><br>
<p>Every June, the church runs an Italian Festival, a week-long event which celebrates the Feast of Saint Anthony. This festival features four outdoor cafes, each with their own live entertainment, and unique food selections. The Festival is the second-largest of its kind in the United States. Admission fees were established for the first time in 2008.</p><br>
<p>The Romanesque revival architectural style owes its inspiration to the Basilica di San Zeno in Verona, Italy. Italian immigrants who settled in the area took seven years to construct the building. Construction was led by Ernesto DiSabatino who later founded EDiS Company and received the Papal Cross of Honor Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice for his efforts for the construction of the church.</p><br>
<p>The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The Fall River Pass Ranger Station in Rocky Mountain National Park was designed by National Park Service landscape architect Daniel Ray Hull in the National Park Service Rustic style. Built in 1922, the stone structure is similar in design to the Chasm Lake Shelter. Between 1933 and 1937 the ranger station was converted to a museum. The ranger station is associated with the construction of the nearby Trail Ridge Road. Located above the tree line, the building has a trap door in the roof to allow access when the door is blocked by drifting snow.</p><br>
<p>The Fall River Pump House and Catchment Basin in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, are utility structures which treat water for the Fall River Pass Museum and the Alpine Visitor Center.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1938, the facility was designed by National Park Service landscape architects L. Fletcher and W.G. Hill in the National Park Service Rustic style then favored. The pump house is a simple stone-faced concrete building, built into the hillside.</p><br>
<p>The catchment basin captures a stream behind a small stone-faced concrete dam.</p><br>
<p>Bethany Congregational Church is a historic Congregational church building at 18 Spear Street in Quincy, Massachusetts. The Gothic Revival building was designed and built in 1927 to a design by J. Williams Beal, Sons, for a congregation which was established in 1832. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. Services are held every Sunday at 9:30 AM. All are welcome.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Bethany Congregational Church is located at the northeast corner of Spear and Coddington Streets in downtown Quincy, just east of the Thomas Crane Public Library. It is a roughly T-shaped stone structure, with a tall square tower at the right (southern) corner of the T. The main facade, facing the street corner, has a projecting section in which the entrance is deeply recessed under an arch. An elaborate multipart stained glass window stands in the gable above this projecting section. The corners and side walls are buttressed, with three-part Gothic windows in the side walls. The tower is the building&#39;s most striking element, with three-part rectangular windows below a pinnacled parapet.</p><br>
<p>The congregation was formed in 1832. Its second building, erected in 1870, was torn down in the 1920s to provide space for the Granite Trust Company building. That company gave the church this parcel of land, on which the church was built in 1927. It was designed by J. Williams Beal, Sons, architects responsible for the Trust Company building and the Adams Building.</p><br>
<p>Christ Church is a historic church in Quincy, Massachusetts. It is a parish of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts. The parish first congregated for lay-led services in 1689, and officially formed in 1704. It is believed to be the oldest continuously active Episcopal parish in Massachusetts. The building is a Tudor Revival structure constructed in 1874; it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. The Rev. Clifford Brown is the current rector.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Christ Church is set at the northeast corner of Quincy and Elm Streets, south of Quincy&#39;s central business district. It is built out of local granite, with a steeply-pitched slate roof. The front-facing gable houses a large arched stained glass window, and the side walls have modest buttressing. Entry vestibules project to either side, in emulation of the English country churches its design recalls. A significant deviation from that style is the lack of a rounded apse; instead, that section of the church has a flat wall. A Tudor Revival parish house is attached to the rear. It is also built out of local granite, with heavy stone window sills and lintels and steep ridged roof gables.</p><br>
<p>The parish was formally organized in 1704 by Rev. William Barclay, when the area was still part of Braintree, and built its first church on School Street in 1727 (at the site of the Christ Church Burial Ground. It built a second frame church at the present site in 1832 and a stone one in 1859, both of which were destroyed by fire. The present church was built in 1874, in an English Revival style that was then in vogue for Episcopal churches.</p><br>
<p>The Christ Church Burial Ground is a historic cemetery at 54–60 School Street in Quincy, Massachusetts. It is the cemetery of the Anglican Christ Church congregation, the second to be established in colonial Massachusetts. It is the site of the congregations first church building, completed 1727, of which only a foundation element survives. The sites oldest grave marker is dated 1737; there may be older, unmarked graves. There are about 75 marked graves.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>First Baptist Church of Wollaston is a historic Baptist church building in Wollaston, Massachusetts. Built in 1873 for a new congregation, and repeatedly enlarged, it is a fine example of Gothic Revival architecture, and one of the city&#39;s finest remaining wood-frame churches. The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and history</h2><br>
<p>The First Baptist Church of Wollaston is set on a large lot at the western corner of Prospect and Warren Avenues in Quincy&#39;s Wollaston. It is now a large asymmetrical T-shaped structure whose long side extends along Prospect, with the original 1873 church building projecting toward that street. That structure has a steeply-pitched slate gable roof, with a tower set at the near left corner. The square tower has buttressing at the corners and narrow paired lancet windows on its lower two levels, and is topped by a pyramidal spire. Extending left from the rear of this structure is a 1913 addition, designed by Boston architect Albert Hayden Wright, that adopts similar design elements, and incorporates an 1890 chapel, connecting the two buildings via a Gothic colonnade. A second addition, dating to 1956, extends to the right.</p><br>
<p>Development of the Wollaston Heights area began in 1870, and this church was one of the first major structures built in the area. It was built on land donated by the Wollaston Land Company, the areas developer. George Pinkham, one of the church congregations founders, was the business manager of the company. The congregation was organized in 1871.</p><br>
<p>Hancock Cemetery is a historic cemetery on the Hancock Adams Common, across from the United First Parish Church, in Quincy, Massachusetts, United States. It is named after Reverend John Hancock Jr. , father of Founding Father John Hancock.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery was founded c. 1640 (the date of the earliest documented graves), and is the only tangible remainder of the early settlement of the area. It was the burial place of Presidents John Adams and John Quincy Adams and their wives, Abigail Adams and Louisa Adams (respectively), before they were moved to the crypt in the United First Parish Church. The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Faith Lutheran Church, formerly known as Salem Lutheran Church, is a historic church at 199 Granite Street in Quincy, Massachusetts. The church was built in 1894 to serve a growing congregation of Scandinavians who had come to Quincy to work in its granite quarries. The stones for this granite Gothic Revival church building were hauled and dressed by members of the congregation. Its only major modification since its construction has been the addition of a chapel in 1914.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>The Wollaston Unitarian Church, more recently a former home of the St. Catherine&#39;s Greek Orthodox Church, is a historic church building at 155 Beale Street in Quincy, Massachusetts. Built in 1888 to a design by Edwin J. Lewis Jr., it is a prominent local example of Shingle Style architecture. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. The building has been converted to residential use.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and building history</h2><br>
<p>The church is located at the western corner of Beale and Farrington Streets in central Quincy. It is a fine example of Shingle Style architecture, with asymmetrical massing that emphasizes horizontal structure. Its ground floor is finished in granite, while the upper parts are clad in wooden shingles. A squat square tower stands at the corner, topped by a pyramidal roof with flared eaves, with the main entrance set in a recess at its base. The street-facing main block gable features a broad Gothic-arched recess, in which is mounted a stained glass window. The parish house, built in 1915, is integrated with the main structure, south of the main gable facing Beale Street.</p><br>
<p>The church was built in 1888 for a Unitarian congregation established the previous year. The church was the third to be built in the Wollaston area in 20 years, reflective of the areas burgeoning growth. The Wollaston Church merged with United First Parish Church in Quincy in 1960. The Beale Street building was purchased for $40,000 by St. Catherines, a Greek Orthodox congregation organized in 1958. St. Catherine&#39;s grew over the years, and in 2004 the congregation moved to a new building in Braintree.</p><br>
<p>Wollaston Congregational Church is a historic Congregational church building at 45-57 Lincoln Avenue in Wollaston, Massachusetts. The granite Gothic Revival structure was designed by Smith & Walker, and built in 1926, on the site of an earlier  wooden Gothic Revival church. Its parish house, also Gothic in style and designed by the same team, was built in 1915. The congregation was established as a consequence of the Wollaston area&#39;s rapid growth beginning in the 1870s.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
